This course examines the pivotal role of women in the European avant-garde movements of the 20th century. Women are often seen as the models and muses of their male contemporaries in the groundbreaking movements of the 20th century. Yet they were also creators and pioneers in their own right. In this course, we study the multiple ways in which women contributed to the 20th-century vanguard, the personal and political stakes involved in forging new territory in art and culture, the pain and suffering that often attended their revolutionary efforts, and the artistic legacies they have left. Themes include the nexus of art and politics, sexuality and gender violence, war and madness, and suffering and creativity. We study Italian futurism, German expressionism, Dada, surrealism, and other movements at the vanguard of European culture, politics, and art. The course covers the literary genres of poetry, prose and drama and the artistic genres of painting, photography, collage and photomontage. We also read "founding" documents, such as manifestoes and political tracts. Writers and artists include Leonora Carrington, Mina Loy, Sophie Taeuber-Arp, Claude Cahun, Hannah Hoch, Frida Kahlo, and Unica Zurn. Theoretical texts by Andre Breton, F.T. Marinetti, Tristan Tzara, and Walter Benjamin.