"This course is centered on the systemic operation of colonialism around the global South and how underdeveloped countries have shaped their economies in a colonial context. In this course we will discuss the works of various political theorist, economists, philosophers and socialist thinkers who have engaged with colonialism through out the formation of capitalist societies. The objective of this is to grasp the transformation of the colonial operation since its conception until present time. This course will analyze colonialism and capitalism simultaneously as inseparable phenomena. The first section of the course will focus on the European expansion to the Americas and the slave trade in Africa, which was crucial for the formation of capitalist societies. After we discuss the historical context on the universalization of colonialism, we will engage on the theoretical formulation of colonialism and imperialism inside the political economy sphere as we discuss the transformation and stages of colonialism through studies such as: (1) Primitive Accumulation à la Karl Marx, (2) Imperialism à la Vladimir Lenin, (3) Unequal exchange à la Ernest Mandel, (4) Neoliberalism à la David Harvey and Debt dynamics à la Éric Toussaint. The last section of the course will center on the current discussions on colonialism/neocolonialism in the 21st century and its connection with sovereignty suppression through debt dynamics and new money formation such as crypto-colonialism."