Psychoanalysis is a talking cure and is a practice of spoken language and interpretation. From the place of representation in Freud’s psychical apparatus to the so-called linguistic Freud of Lacan, to arguments concerning the overbearing role of the symbolic in post-structural versions of psychoanalysis, we will ask about the relationship between psychoanalysis and language. We will underline the specificity of the act of speaking against the logic of signification. Jakobson, Benveniste, Sassure, Milner, Aulagnier, Leclaire, Kristeva, Ettinger, and others will be considered in addition to Freud and Lacan.