This course offers an in-depth exploration of the Global South, examining its historical context, contemporary challenges, and future trajectories. Students will engage with key concepts such as developing countries, the Third World, and emerging economies, critically analyzing how these terms are used in various contexts and how they shape our understanding of global dynamics. The course will begin by defining the Global South and related terminologies, exploring their implications in the global political economy discourse. Through a historical lens, we will investigate the colonial legacies and social movements that have shaped those countries. As we transition to current challenges, students will analyze issues such as poverty, inequality, political instability, and ecological degradation. We will also discuss potential paths forward, focusing on strategies to reach economic, ecological and social justice. The overarching goal of this course is to equip students with a critical perspective on the Global South, enabling them to navigate and challenge Western-centric narratives. By the end of the course, students will be prepared to apply their understanding to real-world contexts, fostering a more nuanced dialogue around global issues.