This class examines the form, structure, and evolution of sound, using techniques such as signal routing, modulation, spectral processing, and timbral transformation. Students work with modular synthesizers, employing filters, clocks, oscillators, and sequencers. We cover sound-shaping techniques through mixing boards, effects units, and digital signal processing. The course also explores the early evolution of electronic synthesis from a global perspective, studying influential works that have shaped the cultural and aesthetic landscape of electronic music.Students practice compositional techniques including motif development, aleatoric methods, sound mass, and sound sculpting. Projects involve composing with synthesizers, samplers, and effect units. Through hands-on experimentation, students develop their ability to create unique, original music while gaining foundational knowledge of electronic synthesis.