This course surveys the key cultural and technological developments in cinema of the last 50 years, from the French New Wave (Nouvelle Vague) in the sixties to the rise of digital cinema at the end of the 20th century. Although the class considers a variety of industry practices, including the evolution of American cinema from classical to new Hollywood films, the emphasis is on the alternative film tradition that runs parallel to Hollywood, including neorealism (with its use of locations and amateurs and its hybrid of fiction and documentary), the rise of the notion of the "auteur" and the idea of film as a form of individual expression, "art cinema" and other modernist practices, new modes of political cinema, and alternative uses of the medium of digital video. Note: This course may be taken independently of Movements in World Cinema 1.